Periodontology is a specialty of Dentistry that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal diseases, which are divided into two main groups: gingivitis and periodontitis.
Although anyone with poor oral hygiene can develop gum inflammation – with symptoms such as swelling, bleeding, and sometimes pain in the gums. Some factors, such as pregnancy, puberty, misaligned teeth, or the use of difficult-to-clean dentures, can enhance the occurrence of this condition.
Gingivitis and periodontitis are both diseases that affect the group of tissues that include the gums, bone, and periodontal ligament, which is responsible for keeping the teeth firmly in the jaw, as a result of the accumulation of bacteria in the tissues of the oral cavity.
The buildup of bacterial plaque and tartar in the sulcus between the gums and teeth causes chronic inflammation that, apart from causing pain in the gums, can destroy the tissues that support the teeth.
If not diagnosed and treated promptly, this gum inflammation can progress and eventually become a more serious and complex problem: periodontitis.
In this case, bone loss becomes irreversible, teeth may start to loosen, and they can even fall out. Stress, smoking, genetic factors, or diseases such as diabetes are risk factors for the development of periodontitis.
Periodontitis affects a large part of the population and is responsible for the majority of tooth loss in adult patients.
The treatment of periodontitis involves the removal of plaque and tartar attached to the surface of the tooth above and below the gum line by a professional.
In most cases, the affected teeth need to be scaled and polished. We can also use the latest technologies, such as laser disinfection.
Professionals always emphasize that the method and means of removing plaque are the best for each patient, as well as the toothpaste and mouthwash to be used in this stage of the treatment. The patient's cooperation is essential for the success of the treatment.
